U.S. Quantum Initiative Under Threat from Global Competitors

• •The U.S. risks losing its quantum technology leadership due to underinvestment.
• •China's quantum R&D funding greatly exceeds that of the U.S., with a $138 billion initiative.
• •The National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act currently lacks authorized funding.

On April 29, 2026, Ranking Member Zoe Lofgren addressed the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology regarding the markup of the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act. Lofgren emphasized the critical need for the U.S. to maintain its leadership in quantum technology amidst significant investments from global competitors, particularly China, which outspent the U.S. in quantum R&D by more than four times in 2024. The Chinese Communist Party has established a $138 billion fund for emerging technologies, including quantum computing, while Japan plans to invest $860 million in 2026 and Germany is set to allocate $3 billion from 2022 to 2026. Lofgren warned that without substantial investment, the U.S. risks losing its technological edge. The current bill does not authorize any funds, complicating efforts to project necessary spending levels. She noted the importance of supporting federal science agencies to accelerate quantum investments. The situation is urgent as the U.S. faces potential declines in its competitive position in quantum technologies.