Council of Europe Advances Special Tribunal for Russia's Aggression Against Ukraine

• •The Council of Europe approved a Special Tribunal for prosecuting Russia's aggression against Ukraine.
• •The tribunal aims to fill accountability gaps for the crime of aggression, which current international courts cannot address.
• •Preparatory work is ongoing, with potential operations starting in 2027, pending funding and logistical arrangements.

On May 15, 2026, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe approved an agreement to establish a Steering Committee for a Special Tribunal aimed at prosecuting the crime of aggression against Ukraine. This initiative is supported by 36 countries, including EU member states, and is seen as essential for addressing accountability gaps in international law regarding Russia's actions. The tribunal will focus on holding Russian political leaders accountable for their aggression, which has facilitated other international crimes in Ukraine. Preparatory work is underway, with the Netherlands expected to host the tribunal in The Hague. While the tribunal may begin operations as early as 2027, significant logistical and funding challenges remain. The establishment of this tribunal is viewed as a historic step towards justice for Ukraine and a critical development in international law.