Coordinated Brute-Force Attacks Target Cisco and Palo Alto VPN Gateways
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In mid-December 2025, threat actors executed a brute-force campaign against Cisco SSL VPN and Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect portals, conducting millions of automated login attempts. The attacks were traced back to infrastructure operated by Germany’s 3xK GmbH, utilizing scripted credential stuffing techniques instead of zero-day exploits.
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