Cybersecurity Risks in Space: Critical Infrastructure Under Threat

• •Space systems are now critical infrastructure, affecting multiple sectors.
• •Cyberattacks on satellites can disrupt essential services like communications and finance.
• •Current cybersecurity measures for space systems are inadequate, necessitating improved detection frameworks.

The increasing reliance on space systems for essential services has elevated cyber risks, making space cybersecurity a national security issue. Key sectors such as communications, finance, and defense depend on satellites, and disruptions can have widespread effects. The February 2022 attack on Viasat's KA-SAT network highlighted vulnerabilities, showing that cyberattacks can disrupt services beyond immediate conflict zones. Current cybersecurity measures for space systems are inadequate, primarily relying on ground telemetry, which fails to detect many threats. The Aerospace SPARTA framework aims to improve on-orbit threat detection, but challenges remain in recovery and response. The threat landscape includes state actors, organized crime, and individual hackers, all motivated by various goals like espionage and disruption. Governance frameworks are lagging behind the technological advancements in space, complicating the security landscape.